So, as I said last time, the polarization, the division within the society, within, Poland, was, very substantial, with the right actually gaining, the upper hand and disturbing, and disallowing, actually, development of a better, ways of life. 
((Polish government 1930s 2))
The government, although it wasn’t very far-right, nevertheless, went along with the tide which came and especially, it tried to suppress any, forward-looking and progressive voices.

((Communist Party Poland 1930s))
Of course, the Communist Party was illegal and, members of the Communist Party were sentenced a lot to long, to long prison terms. And as I said also before that there were, arrests by minorities of especially Ukrainians. then at universities, there was introduced anomalous clauses, rule and also, the designation of special places, for Jewish students. 
((Communist Party Poland 1930s 2))
Of course, this caused, protests and, among others. None of the Jewish student accepted the different the rule of special places for them; for example during any university lectures, they were standing rather than sitting, as a protest. 
((American movies 1930s))
The cultural life however, was rather developed and, especially was, rather pro- more progressive and, very vibrant. in other places, there were theaters, and of course movies were everywhere, but movies are not, at that time, were not especially, developed much yet. Also, it there were been shown mostly American movies. There were some Polish also movies, but not too many.

((movies Poland 1930s))

And the attendance in the theaters and opera and so on was quite, large, and we tried and to, live rather normal lives, at that times. 
((Poland Popular Front 1930s))
As I said, we, the more progressive, more progressive, views as joined the Popular Front and, among others was, quite active. But of course, we didn’t… The possibilities for, active, acting in Poland for the Popular Front was not very, positive. So, it’s all the activities were rather, limited.

When we, have sometimes put out, pamphlets and newsletters and on boards hanging, announcements, the police of course tried to remove them and arrest the people who did that. 
((Jozef-Pilsudski-Polish-soldiers))
Sometimes, at least twice, we were called off, at these activities, but, to our, luck, our luck is in also that, those times, the head of the police, who also teacher of Latin at the same time and supervisor of our senior classes, let us go, free. at the same time, there were a large number of, socialist-leaning activities and parties. 


((Union activists Poland 1930s)) 
Some of them more, deeply socialistic, and some were, rather of the type of, union activities. But the union activities in Poland were quite different than the States, and they had always the political flavor of a socialist movement, and represented, not, only very, represented only workers and non-workers, non-factory workers, which joined together in these movements.
((

In some places like in our town, the magistrate, which is the main seat of the, of the, of the town government also had a socialistic, in, and this in some degree helped me also later on, what I will be talking about. as I saw, I said of our students in our high school, with time most of the, of our class, not all but most of our class, and mainly the boys but also some of the girls, joined, socialistic movements, which were, based not only on ideas of which were related to Poland, but also related to international, matters. our groups were mostly left-leaning socialist movement of the, Shomer Hatzair organization, which was aimed, to develop, Palestine as a, as, Israeli s ide, and through, building kibbutzim, which are a kind of collective farms. And, at that time, our idea was rather, naive but, because we didn’t know exactly the Muslim world, and the, but we thought of, a country which will be not divided, but joined by, Palestinian and Jews together as one country. Of course, this came to nothing, especially, with the, with the, with the action of the muftis and their support for Hitler, and, of course, with falsifying the, and, the views of the Jewish people who were coming to settle in Palestine based on the Balfour Declaration.

But it instead of a joint action, in Palestine, there was, complete disarray, which was later, especially before the last years before the war was very pronounced, and in making things worse, the Balfour Declaration was in some way disavowed b oth because it was changed. It, as instead of being a Jewish sett- a Jewish place, the Balfour Declaration was changed, for the benefit of the, of the Arabs because of, because of, mainly of oil interests. This was, that was, this was… and after, calls for the, for the uprisings, by the Jewish settlements, and especially after the war when it became the drive to settle the refugees in Israel became harder, difficult, because it was limited by the governing bodies of the English, government.